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| module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | module6 = | website = | footnotes = | box_width = }} Augustus Andrew "Gusty" Spence (28 June 1933〔(Biographies of people prominent during 'the Troubles': S ). ''Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN). Retrieved 5 April 2011.〕 – 25 September 2011) was a leader of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and a leading loyalist politician in Northern Ireland. One of the first UVF members to be convicted of murder, Spence was a senior figure in the organisation for over a decade. During his time in prison Spence renounced violence and helped to convince a number of fellow inmates that the future of the UVF lay in a more political approach. Spence joined the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP), becoming a leading figure in the group. As a PUP representative he took a principal role in delivering the loyalist ceasefires of 1994. ==Early years== Spence was born in the Shankill Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, the son of William Edward Spence, who was born in Whitehaven, England and raised in the Tiger's Bay area of north Belfast before moving to the Shankill.〔Garland, ''Gusty Spence'', p. 6〕 William Edward Spence was a member of the Ulster Volunteers and had fought in the First World War.〔Thomas Hennessey, ''Northern Ireland: The Origin of the Troubles'', Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2005, p. 54〕 He married Isabella "Bella" Hayes, Gusty Spence's mother, in 1919.〔 Spence was the sixth of seven children, their birth order being Billy, Cassie, Jim, Bobby, Ned junior, Gusty and Lily.〔 The family home was 66 Joseph Street in an area of the lower Shankill known colloquially as "the Hammer".〔Roy Garland, ''Gusty Spence'', Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 2001, p. 5〕 He was educated at the Riddel School on Malvern Street and the Hemsworth Square school, both on the Shankill, finishing his education aged fourteen.〔Garland, ''Gusty Spence'', pp. 11–12〕 He was also a member of the Church Lads' Brigade, a Church of Ireland group, and the Junior Orange Order.〔Garland, ''Gusty Spence'', p. 12〕 His family had a long tradition of Orange Order membership.〔Steve Bruce, ''The Red Hand'', Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 15〕 Spence took various manual jobs in the area until joining the British Army in 1957 as a member of the Royal Ulster Rifles.〔 Spence rose to the rank of military police sergeant.〔Jim Cusack & Henry McDonald, ''UVF'', Dublin: Poolbeg, 1997, p. 20〕 He served in the army until 1961 when ill-health forced him to leave.〔 Spence was stationed in Cyprus during his time in the army and saw action fighting against the forces of Colonel Georgios Grivas.〔Moloney, ''Paisley'', p. 130〕 After leaving the army Spence found employment at the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast where he worked as a stager (builder of the scaffolding in which the ships are constructed), a skilled job that commanded respect amongst working class Protestants and ensured for Spence a higher status within the Shankill.〔 From an early age Spence was a member of the Prince Albert Temperance Loyal Orange Lodge, where fellow members included John McQuade.〔Moloney, ''Paisley'', pp. 130–131〕 He was also a member of the Royal Black Institution and the Apprentice Boys of Derry.〔Susan McKay, ''Northern Protestants: An Unsettled People'',Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 2005, p. 139〕 Due to his later involvement in a murder he was expelled from the Orange Order and the Royal Black Institution, although it is unknown whether the Apprentice Boys of Derry took any disciplinary action. The Reverend Martin Smyth was influential in the expulsion of Spence by the Orange Order.〔Brian Kennaway ''The Orange Order-A Tradition Betrayed'', p. 47〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gusty Spence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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